tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-81475643858141395942024-03-13T17:57:25.296+05:30HEALTHYMINDS & Live CME PsychiatryHEALTH IS WEALTH & NO HEALTH WITHOUT MENTAL HEALTH. This Blog is an effort to raise awareness about mental health and wellness.
Two parts here
1. Within Professionals discussions
2. Professionals and lay public discussions.
Be healthy...BE WITH HEALTHYMINDS.
Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.comBlogger33125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-61425554324719613732018-04-27T09:24:00.003+05:302018-04-27T09:32:42.477+05:30ON Neurobiology in Psychiatry <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
We will be trying to put certain discussions from Mental Health Professionals to this Platform<br />
<br />
Neurobiology has been on backfoot in Psychiatry and we want to put it in place where it should be... i.e. right on top<br />
<br />
Concepts in Psychiatry are very much scientific and measurable in Neurobiological terms.<br />
<br />
And before we proceed, one declaration!<br />
By being vehemently in search of neurobiological basis and explanations, we do not become anti of Psychological interventions.<br />
<br />
Psychological interventions are good. And are mild/ mod neuromodulations technique (different names for different people )<br />
<br />
By promoting neurobiology we don't become pill pushers. Neurobiology doesnt mean advovating medications over every thing else.<br />
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Neurobiology needs to be understood to take the cause of our branch further.<br />
<br />
We are just in search of truth that still eludes us🙏🏻<br />
<br />
From the team of "Live CME Psychiatry"<br />
<br /></div>
Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com25tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-60914540970014122412015-05-25T23:50:00.002+05:302015-05-26T00:03:30.699+05:30Hidden Habits in Children: How to Handle <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span class="fbPhotosPhotoCaption" data-ft="{"tn":"*G","type":45}" id="fbPhotoPageCaption" tabindex="0"><span class="hasCaption"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fyoutu.be%2FV51pgVlNVpA%3Ft%3D4m17s&h=pAQETTKcn&enc=AZN12huTsQWWJ0fuDhLJFLTYI5_sYBVw7UqRc8XvOM38Yhex1rz5eU43A_SPhM1DRx8uc-ClVwAFYWyegzrdDt359Q-sKgCfEjNLZOgmkQbpPOD51HLfvbK1fo9eWis8FczJPOhu4fT2j-u8Nkj5MpDt&s=1" rel="nofollow nofollow" target="_blank"><span>https://youtu.be/</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break"></span>V51pgVlNVpA?t=4m17s</a></span></span><br />
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<span class="fbPhotosPhotoCaption" data-ft="{"tn":"*G","type":45}" id="fbPhotoPageCaption" tabindex="0"><span class="hasCaption">Topic: Hidden Habits in Children: How to Handle <br /> Expert: Dr Aleem Siddiqui</span></span><br />
<span class="fbPhotosPhotoCaption" data-ft="{"tn":"*G","type":45}" id="fbPhotoPageCaption" tabindex="0"><span class="hasCaption"></span></span><br />
<span class="fbPhotosPhotoCaption" data-ft="{"tn":"*G","type":45}" id="fbPhotoPageCaption" tabindex="0"><span class="hasCaption"><br />
</span></span><span class="fbPhotosPhotoCaption" data-ft="{"tn":"*G","type":45}" id="fbPhotoPageCaption" tabindex="0"><span class="hasCaption"><span class="fbPhotosPhotoCaption" data-ft="{"tn":"*G","type":45}" id="fbPhotoPageCaption" tabindex="0"><span class="hasCaption"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fyoutu.be%2FV51pgVlNVpA%3Ft%3D4m17s&h=pAQETTKcn&enc=AZN12huTsQWWJ0fuDhLJFLTYI5_sYBVw7UqRc8XvOM38Yhex1rz5eU43A_SPhM1DRx8uc-ClVwAFYWyegzrdDt359Q-sKgCfEjNLZOgmkQbpPOD51HLfvbK1fo9eWis8FczJPOhu4fT2j-u8Nkj5MpDt&s=1" rel="nofollow nofollow" target="_blank"><span>https://youtu.be/</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break"></span>V51pgVlNVpA?t=4m17s</a></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span class="fbPhotosPhotoCaption" data-ft="{"tn":"*G","type":45}" id="fbPhotoPageCaption" tabindex="0"><span class="hasCaption">This is Youtube link to the telecast on ETV-Uttar Pradesh, ETV-Madhya <br />
Pradesh, ETV-Bihar/Jharkhand at 3.30 pm and on ETV-Rajasthan at 1:30 pm;<br />
on Thursday, 14th May 2015</span></span><br />
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Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-72432014194209277572015-05-24T18:57:00.000+05:302015-05-25T23:55:15.862+05:30MEN-O-PAUSE: The Andropause, the male menopuase.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-8xKQVtW2i9s/VWHQhN0z0iI/AAAAAAAABUg/-iv51wleL64/s1600/What-is-Manopause-5-Facts-Every-Man-Should-Know.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="116" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-8xKQVtW2i9s/VWHQhN0z0iI/AAAAAAAABUg/-iv51wleL64/s320/What-is-Manopause-5-Facts-Every-Man-Should-Know.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Menopause in females is a well delineated and abrupt of decline
of estrogenic hormones, and reproductive function, somatic and psychological
functions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Whereas ANDROPAUSE in males is a controversial concept: not widely
accepted.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">In males andropause there is a gradual decline of
functioning. As described by Morales and Lunenfeld (International Society for
the Study of the Aging Male) it’s a “biochemical syndrome associated with
advancing age and characterized by a deficiency in serum androgen levels with
or without a decreased genomic sensitivity to androgens”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The decline in testosterone with aging is related to
decreases in both hypothalamic (HPA axis less sensitive, less GNRH-less LH) and
testicular function (Leydig cells decrease)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">There is a <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>lack of established normal testosterone levels
for different age groups (Approx 1-2% decline from 40-70yrs)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">For now it’s a diagnosis of exclusion after ruling out other
causes of gonadal dysfunction like medication side effects, thyroid problems,
depression and excessive alcohol use, obstructive sleep apnea. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b>Diagnosis</b> is based on the psychological and cognitive
hints of andropause including loss of cognitive function, depression, and “loss
of drive”, chronic fatigue, lethargy, hot flashes, ED, decrease libido, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>?midlife/latelife crisis. On Physical Examination there decrease in lean body
mass(l ess muscles and more fat) and changes in hair, skin, and fat distribution, osteopenia
and osteoporosis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Plus a low testosterone level (a concomitant raised LH
indicates testicular deficiency)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b>Testosterone replacement Therapy(TRT)</b> in this population is anabolic,
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>including increase in lean body mass and
associated decrease in fat mass, increased bone mineral density, increase in
muscle strength and sexual function, improved generalized feelings of well-being,
and improved cognitive function<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b>Side effects</b> of TRT being Promotion of fluid retention, Increase in
cardiovascular disease risk, Precipitation or worsening of sleep apnea, Gynecomastia,
Polycythemia, Fluctuations in mood, Worsening of pre-existing prostatic disease(possibly
does not induce)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">There is absence of long-term placebo-controlled trials of
TRT.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A few points of cation: Andropause is not a widely accepted construct, is not universal as female menopause. There is lack of age appropriate standardized values of serum testosterone. When its there, its very gradual in onset and difficult to detect.</span> </span></div>
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Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-43890762472758827142015-02-21T20:24:00.001+05:302015-02-21T20:24:32.731+05:30Effect of domestic violence on children- संगिनी-Sangini-On 30th Jan 2015<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/15kbfFSSHm4" width="459"></iframe>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-57911740068466406682015-02-21T20:17:00.001+05:302015-02-21T20:17:50.982+05:30-'How to Maximize a child's potential/IQ' संगिनी-Sangini On 20th Feb 2015<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/HF844HTCipk" width="459"></iframe>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-71616314552627181152013-10-27T18:26:00.002+05:302013-10-27T18:26:38.219+05:3035th Annual Conference of Indian Psychiatric Society- Central Zone (CIPCON 2013)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.10200770781538579.1073741827.1433892854&type=1&l=f4ad2876ec">https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.10200770781538579.1073741827.1433892854&type=1&l=f4ad2876ec</a><div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.22em;">Dear friends</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15.859375px;" /><div style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15.859375px;">
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The 35th Annual Conference of central zone of IPS (CIPCON 2013) was held at Lucknow on 19-20th October 2013. The theme was ‘Psychiatry Beyond the Books’</div>
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<b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Org Chairman</b>: Dr Ajay Kohli</div>
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<b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Org Secretary & Treasurer</b>: Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiqui</div>
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Dr AK Agarwal was the Chief Guest, and Dr T Prabhakar, VSM was the guest of honour. Politicians and flowers were kept out. Dr Shashi Rai took over as president from Dr SB Joshi. Conference souvenir was released.</div>
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10 invited faculty lectures were delivered in the CME and Symposia for which 6 CME credit hours were awarded by UP Medical Council.</div>
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The leading speakers like <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr. Chitranjan Andrade</b>, Professor of Psychopharmacology NIMHANS, Bengaluru and <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr. S. Haque Nizamie</b>, Professor of Excellence, CIP, Ranchi, <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr. Rajni Chatterjee</b>, Prof. & Head of dept. Of Psychiatry, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr H Naidu</b>, Senior Consultant at Noormanzil Hospital, Lucknow, <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr. Ram Ghulam Razdan</b> , Founder and Head of the dept of Psychiatry, MGM medical college, Indore, <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr. P.N Shukla</b>, founder and Director PGIBAMS, Raipur, Chattisgarh, <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr U C Garg</b>, Senior Practitioner of Agra, <b style="line-height: 1.22em;"> Dr Shazia Veqar Siddiqui</b> -Ex- Head of Department of Clinical Psychology, CIP, Ranchi, <b style="line-height: 1.22em;">Dr Vivek Agarwal </b>and<b style="line-height: 1.22em;"> Dr Srikant Srivastava</b> of KGMU delivered the talks.</div>
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22 research papers were read. Best paper award was won by Dr Sreeraj and Tara Naidu award by Dr PP Singh. BB Sethi oration was delivered by Dr Rajeev Jain.</div>
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An Openhouse session was held where questions were put in a fishbowl and were answered by the house.</div>
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All the sessions were very well attended, timely and good academic discussions took place. (more people in halls than in cafeteria!). Banquet at Hotel Clarks Awadh had nearly 400 guests with lots of laughs and reunion. Hope every one left with pleasant memories.</div>
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It was a very satisfying experience, specially for myself.</div>
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Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-8706147882750824132012-07-11T23:25:00.005+05:302012-07-12T08:07:28.019+05:30Alcohol and Drug Addictions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-y4iNDMbBCFs/T_3DXU2rzrI/AAAAAAAAA6E/geId5AzjL6c/s1600/imagesCA917T1B.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="133" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-y4iNDMbBCFs/T_3DXU2rzrI/AAAAAAAAA6E/geId5AzjL6c/s200/imagesCA917T1B.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">What are alcohol and substance related problems?</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">Alcohol or substance related disorders are the conditions arising from the misuse or excessive use of alcohol, psychoactive drugs and other chemicals including charas, ganja, heroin, cocaine, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">When to call someone suffering from alcohol or substance related problems?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">The continuous use of different types of drugs or alcohol gives rise to various problems in physical health as well as social and occupational life of a person. a person is diagnosed as having alcohol or substance related problems when:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Person gets a strong desire to take alcohol or other drugs. The desire is so strong that a person feels compelled to take it,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">Person</span><span style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;"> cannot control himself from taking drugs or as he losses the sense of when to stop taking it, or when he get completely intoxicated and need to curtail the intake,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;">Person</span><span style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;"> experiences extreme discomfort, restlessness, dizzy, body ache, disturbed sleep, tremors, nausea or other symptoms when tries to stop taking or reduces the amount of drug or substance,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Person requires larger amount of alcohol or drug to get the same level of effect. The effect that he used to feel from small amount is not achieved with same amount of drug after some time,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Person starts neglecting other interests and activities because he invests more time in obtaining the drug,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Person continues to take drug or substance even after knowing clear, harmful consequences as accidents, physical problems or death.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">What all things can cause such problems?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">Most of those chemical or natural products that affect our central nervous system (Brain and other related system) have some capability of causing these problems. Such as:</span></div><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Alcohol , “Desi sharab”, “Taadi”, Wine, Bear, Vodka, Gin, “Mahua”, “Hadia” etc;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="IT">Tobacco, “Khaini”, “Gul”, Ciggarette, “Bidi”, etc;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Opioids, “Brown sugar”, “Chase”, Opium, Heroine, “Charas”, “Cough Syrups”, “Spasmodic pain reliever” etc;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Cannabis, “Bhang”, “Rocket”, “Ganja”, “Hukka”, etc;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Volatile solvents, “Thinner”, “Whitener”, “Paint”, “Petrol”, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Steroids,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Hallucinogens,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Sedatives, Tranquillizers</span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">What is the harm in taking such drugs?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">These drugs may lead to following consequences:-</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="color: red;">Immediate consequences</span>-</span></div><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Loss of control over body movements</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Nausea, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Vomiting, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Restlessness, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Tremors, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Dry mouth, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Increase heart beats, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Sweating, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Irregular breathing, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Irritability etc.</span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: red;">Long term consequences- </span></span></div><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Damage to brain leading to psychiatric problems, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Deficiency of protein and vitamin B from the body,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Liver damage, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Increase susceptibility to infections, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Gastritis, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Peptic ulcers, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Acute or chronic pancreatitis, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Hepatitis, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Cirrhoris, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Hepatoma,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Death, etc</span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: red;">Psychological consequences-</span></span></div><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Anxiety, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Depression,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Memory problems, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Sleep disturbance,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Lack of interest in work, etc.</span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: red;">Social Consequences-</span></span></div><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Marital disruptions, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Loss of social status, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Familial discords,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Problems at work place,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Financial loss, etc.</span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">What are the causes of alcohol related illnesses?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">The causes of alcohol and drug related illnesses are divided in three major categories:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US"><i>Biological Causes</i>:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Heredity or genetic causes: In person who has family members who had similar problem, have more chances of acquiring tolerance and vulnerability to take alcohol as compared to the other with no such background,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Presence of any other psychiatric illness specially anxiety related,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Presence of physical illnesses causing intense discomfort and pain,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Experience of “high” and elevated, cheerful mood due to intake,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Bodily discomforts, pains, tremors, disturbed breathing and disturbed heart beat when alcohol, drug is not taken, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><i>Psychological Causes:</i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Curiosity, sensation seeking behavior,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Social rebelliousness,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Poor stress management,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">To get over with fatigue or boredom,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Poor self-control,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Trauma or recent loss, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><i>Social Causes-</i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Pressure from friends,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Imitation of actors or elders who take alcohol,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Easy availability, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Poor family bonding and support,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Religious reason,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Faulty concept of modernization, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">Is it habit, bad character, or something else?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">Addiction, alcohol abuse, drug abuse are not simply habits or are part of bad character but it is an ILLNESS or PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER, which has some identified biological and other causes, and which is TREATABLE.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">What can family do to help this illness?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">The family has a major role in the treatment of this condition,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">For identification and evaluation of the problem,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">For leading and motivating patient, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">For arranging treatment facilities for patient, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">For supporting and expressing faith in the patient,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">And for boosting self-esteem and self-efficacy of the patient.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">What is the treatment of this condition?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">The treatment of this condition is divided into two parts</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><i><span lang="EN-US">Biological: <o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">It includes detoxification, which is helping the patient to stop the consumption of drug/alcohol and manage the physical discomforts that a person may experience due to sudden cessation of drug intake. This process takes only a few weeks.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">It also includes helping the patient in reducing the intense desire or craving sensation for drug.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">The patient can also be helped by giving certain components which if take regularly cause highly distressing reacting to intake of alcohol and thus prevents person from taking it.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><i style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">Psycho-Social:</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">It includes improving persons’ motivation to quit drug/alcohol,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Helping patient to develop skills to control his behavior,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Helping patient to prevent further relapses (restarting drug),</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Bringing about changes in person’s life style, stress management, etc,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Involving family members to get support and care,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Helping patient to regain self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-respect.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US">Is it curable?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US">Substance related conditions can be cured with effective treatment but what required is personal motivation to help oneself, good support of family, and professional consultation.</span></div></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com14Indira Nagar Colony, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India26.874953944830104 80.98926797262095126.865374944830105 80.970111472620957 26.884532944830102 81.008424472620945tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-52019414644635485292012-07-07T22:03:00.002+05:302012-07-08T19:21:50.996+05:30Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-J4eJTZbBt_k/T_mPBmb3wVI/AAAAAAAAA54/ClIqh6zB2N8/s1600/ID-10088571.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-J4eJTZbBt_k/T_mPBmb3wVI/AAAAAAAAA54/ClIqh6zB2N8/s200/ID-10088571.jpg" width="192" /></a></div><br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What is Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD)?<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span lang="EN-US"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">ADHD is a kind of psychiatric illness having its manifestation during the early years of life. This is a developmental disorder it is called so as the symptoms of ADHD appear clearly by the age of five years and are more prominent during the early years of life. Only in some cases the symptoms persist with same severity in the adulthood.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">How to identify ADHD?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">There are certain differences which make children having ADHD different from other children:-</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Difficulty concentrating for long on any task,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Leaving the task incomplete to take up a new task,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Inability to prolong interest even on otherwise liked things,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Disliking for tasks that require involvement and thinking,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Excessive activity, inability to sit at a place for long,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Running around as if being run by motor, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Continuously moving hand, legs even when sitting,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Very easily distractible,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Making strange voices,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Inability to wait for their turn,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Blurting out the answer before the question is completed,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Keep losing the things,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Makes careless mistakes,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Looses temper easily.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal">Any of the above mentioned symptoms when appear for long time and interfere with child’s education or other learning and development should be given adequate attention.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Does is mean child has poor intelligence?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">In some cases the child having ADHD may have associated condition such as mental retardation, learning disorder, language disorders, conduct disorder (dissocial behavior) etc. but in cases where child does not have any other associated condition the poor performance of the child might only be because of his inability to pay attention to the task given to him rather than poor intelligence.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What causes ADHD?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">There is no one cause of having ADHD but a combination of factors might be responsible for this.</span></div><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Due to any neurotransmitter (Chemical) imbalance in the brain,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Due to various structural abnormalities in brain,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Lack of normal development in child before birth,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Effect of dangerous environment (lead exposure, trauma, poison, drug, alcohol, etc) to the child before or immediately after birth, etc.</span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What is the treatment of ADHD?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The children having ADHD can get help through medication prescribed by a trained psychiatrist as these medicine help reducing increased activity to some extent.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">For other behavioral problems child require help from Clinical Psychologist and Special Educator.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">How to control increased activity?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">For controlling increased activity follow certain things given below:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Let the child be involved into activities requiring high energy level such as racing, cycling, dancing for long time before asking him to sit at a place for some work,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Let the child do some extra exercise in morning,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Encourage him to sit at a place for small duration and gradually increase the time, give child something that he likes when successfully does so,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Establish contract with the child in which the goal and tasks are determined and the privileges that will be given for doing any task are mentioned. This contract is made with child and is followed by both the parties (i.e. child and caretaker), etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What to do to increase his attention?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Allow the child to do task in part rather than whole at one time and encourage him with something that he likes (such as sweet, toy, allowing TV for 10 minutes etc.) for doing each part, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Allow him to do tasks for small duration and gradually increase the duration, remember start with activities that child likes to do,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Give small and clear instructions (i.e. get me the bottle, rather than get me the bottle which is kept over the table and pour the water in glass),</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Hold the shoulders of the child and look straight into his eyes while giving him instruction,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Ask him to follow simple mazes, computer game etc,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Remove extra distractions from the room where the child is to be taught something,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Try to use as many sensory modalities as possible while teaching (i.e. make him see, touch, speak, hear a word while teaching rather than simply either see from book, or listen from teacher), etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What to do to control inability to wait (impulsivity)?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Help the child understand that he will be given something if he delays his reaction to anything for some time and than gradually increase the time required to wait between a thing is given and the child to react to it,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Teach the child to postpone the reaction only by a few seconds first and than increase the duration,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">React negatively if he blurts out before time, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Can a child suffering from ADHD study in a regular school?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Yes, the child having ADHD can study in regular school, but he/she needs special attention and special training to cope with the problem</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">How can parent help the child?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The parents play a very important role for the treatment of such child as the training required for them has to be constant and structured for all the settings such as school, home, playground etc. for which the most concerned and constant trainer is parent.</span></div></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-15209549919330986872012-07-06T23:14:00.002+05:302012-07-07T08:41:24.019+05:30OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-r7zs5oZ4QM0/T_eow4Pm0II/AAAAAAAAA5s/jGa64hqBmWo/s1600/ID-10086321.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-r7zs5oZ4QM0/T_eow4Pm0II/AAAAAAAAA5s/jGa64hqBmWo/s200/ID-10086321.jpg" width="132" /></a></div><br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What is Obsessive-compulsive disorder?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">OCD is an illness characterized of some constant worries and fears which appear illogical or irrational to the person who is having it. But even than the sufferer is unable to let go or remove these worries for long time, he is only able to remove these worries for brief periods of time that too only after doing something which again appears irrational and excessive.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What is an Obsession?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Obsessions are thoughts, images, or a sudden intense desire that keeps coming to the mind of sufferer even when the person may find them senseless or even “bad” and unpleasant.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What is a compulsion?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">A compulsion is a action that a person feels compelled to repeat again and again, though he or she has no desire to do so. These actions can be of any type some of the frequently seen behaviors are </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Frequently washing hands for long duration, </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Taking long time in cleaning things,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Checking door locks, knobs, switches etc repeatedly even he remembers clearly that he has checked it,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Keeping things in a “specific” order and feeling of major discomfort if things are not kept in that specific order,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Speaking some words or phrases silently,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Doing some acts such as moving in-out, up-down, etc repeatedly, etc.</span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">How to identify OCD?</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Obsessions and compulsions have few things in common like:-</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">An idea, a desire, an image forces into the person’s mind which is not liked by person,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">A feeling of “something bad will happen” is experienced by the person either to himself or to family members,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">In order to reduce this feeling, the person had to perform certain actions against his will,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">The cycle goes on and on…..</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">The person recognizes it as irrational and senseless and feels a strong desire to resist</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">But they feel that they are compelled to take action to reduce it.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What are the major types of such thought that may disturb a person?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">OCD may have 4 major types of content of disturbing thought:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Contamination of dirt and germs</span></b><span lang="EN-US">: the person usually believes that the contamination is spread from object to object or person to person by even a slight contact.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Irrational doubts</span></b><span lang="EN-US">: the person always feels guilty or responsible about having forgotten or committing something wrong which may have dire consequences.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Forceful thoughts</span></b><span lang="EN-US">: repetitive thoughts of sexual or aggressive acts that the person “feels” that he might have committed.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Symmetry</span></b><span lang="EN-US">: the person feels the need for precision or perfection and therefore become slow in performing the activities.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Is it only me who has this problem?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">In general population 2-3 out of every 100 people suffer from OCD. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">At what age it can occur to me?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Though OCD can occur at any age, time or to person of any gender, but for men the average age of starting OCD is about 20 years and for women the average age of starting OCD symptoms is 22 years. At times people may have the illness even at the age of 35 or late. In some cases symptoms were found to be occurring at age of as young as 2-3 years.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What are the causes of OCD?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">There are many reasons which are found to have their share in developing OCD but which of these reason is working in a person is not known. It is believed that not any one but the combination of the below mentioned reasons might be responsible for it:</span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Certain chemical (serotonin) disturbance/misbalance in the body,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Heredity can also play an important role. It can run in family from one generation to other,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Development of “faulty relationship” between a non-threatening thing with a fearful thing that produces fear, anxiety or discomfort,</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">In order to reduce this anxiety and discomfit the person discovers that certain actions reduce anxiety and develop active avoidance strategies to control the anxiety and accordingly, it strengthens and become fixed as learned pattern of compulsive behavior.</span><b><span lang="EN-US"> </span></b></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Who have high chances of developing OCD?</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Any person of any gender, class, religion, caste or culture can have OCD. The chances of having it increase if there are other family members who are either having OCD or any other psychiatric problem. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Dose it ever get cured?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">About 20-30% of patients having OCD recover completely from there symptoms whereas 40-50% have major improvement but not complete recovery. The recovery is facilitated by good support from family members and the persons own efforts to follow instruction of the professional Psychiatrist and Clinical Psychologist.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">What are the treatments available?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">OCD can be very effectively treated with the help of medications along with psychotherapy. The medications are safe, non habit forming should be taken under supervision.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The most common and effective therapies for OCD are: </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Exposure and response prevention in which the patient is repeatedly exposed to fearful thing that produces obsession and compulsive behaviors and helped in a scientific manner to control the symptoms,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Desensitization,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Thought stopping,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Flooding,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Aversive conditioning,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Group therapy, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Family therapy</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">Always remember – <o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">It is an illness and not bad character, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Just like any other physical illness which has some causes and treatment OCD also has a treatment,</span></div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Contacting a mental health professional (Psychiatrist, Clinical Psychologist) on seeing any such symptoms is a good idea because right consultation at right time can help the person the most.</span></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-86788089446607966462012-07-04T22:15:00.000+05:302012-07-04T22:15:18.446+05:30Dementia: Early Identification for Early Intervention<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7MUSqTbLFkk/T_RxdR-qLgI/AAAAAAAAA5c/tEL9obZvWHg/s1600/Caring+for+a+parent.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="216" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7MUSqTbLFkk/T_RxdR-qLgI/AAAAAAAAA5c/tEL9obZvWHg/s320/Caring+for+a+parent.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><b>What is dementia?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">Dementia is a psychiatric condition characterized of certain major changes in a persons’ ability to remember things and other day to day behaviors. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>What causes dementia?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">Dementia is a common term used to indicate a group of conditions characterized of similar manifestations but having different etiologies in different people such as due to Alzheimer disease, vascular degeneration etc. The major cause behind the condition is the gradual degeneration (death) of brain cells, which are the building blocks of brain and are responsible for the regular day to day behaviors and abilities of a person. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>What are the major changes in the behaviors of such patients?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Dementia is mainly characterized of following symptoms</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Gradual loss of memory leading to inability to remember names, relations, faces, where things were kept,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">The person may forget the way to home and may get lost at the place which was very familiar to him/her,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Person may get lost even in his own home or office,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Inability to dress-up oneself, shave oneself, tie shoelaces, bathe properly, combing etc,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Complete change in the personality such as increased jocularity, disinhibition,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Sudden anger outbursts, irritability, risk taking behavior,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Urinating in cloths or at inappropriate places,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Inability to recognize things of daily use,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Inability to understand commands or to express what they want to say,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -32.4pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -32.4pt;">Inability to coordinate the simple body movements (such as picking up cup, use knife)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><b>Is it aging or illness?</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">Though after the age of 60 or above anyone may have some of gradual deterioration of memory functions but in cases where the problems increase rapidly and start having major problems in day to day life may require immediate psychiatric consultation.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><b>What to do if some of your known person has any of the above mentioned symptoms?</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">If any of your known has any of the above mentioned problems you must seek consultation from a psychiatrist who may help the patient by prescribing the medications which may slow down the process of gradual death of brain cells and thus resulting in slowing down the process of behavioral problems.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><b>“He forgets his way and gets lost” what to do for this?</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">To help the person who loses his way when gone out </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">· </span><span lang="EN-US">Should not be allowed to travel very far alone, but he should be given freedom to move out for a small walk (if required under supervision)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">When going out a paper slip/diary indicating the address, name, and the name of the person whom to contact in case of need should be kept in his pocket,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">The person can be given a location guide or map which can help the person in case of confusion about directions, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><b>If the person gets lost even within the house</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -27pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -27pt;">In such cases certain arrow marks towards toilet, bedroom etc can be placed,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -27pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -27pt;">Name of the place in bold letters can be written and pasted at different places,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -27pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -27pt;">In case the person leaves home as he sees the door a mirror can be placed over the door’s back so that the person gets distracted as he reaches the door.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -27pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -27pt;">A night bulb must be lit up in night.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; text-indent: -27pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: -27pt;">There should be adequate lighting in the room of the patient, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><b>What can be done if he forgets names, dates, people etc?</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Person should be shown his old photographs, letters, videos etc frequently,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Whenever anybody comes to meet him/her he should be introduced by name and relationship rather than asking patient to identify him (such as “Look your daughter Seema has come to meet you with her husband Amit, they have come after a week to see you would you like to meet them?”),</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Keep large calendars, clock and pictures of family members in patient’s room,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Indicate in bold letters about what is kept here, such as “MEDICINE” over the cupboard where medicine is kept,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: -5.4pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: -5.4pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><b>What if he gets angry or remains irritable unnecessarily?</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Try to understand the patients confusion and avoid arguments with him,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Do not blame patient for his condition,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Try to keep the activities structured,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Keep less articles (distractions) in the room of patient,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Use audible but polite voice while interacting with him,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Allow him/her to walk around and engage in activities that he likes to do, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><b>What to do if he urinates in bed/clothes?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Try to track the time of the day when he urinated for a few days and then make it a habit to ask patient to use toilet before that identified time comes,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Patient can be reminded to use toilet even if does not feel the need after every two hours,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Give him a privilege if he remains dry for the whole night,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt;">·</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9px;"> </span><span lang="EN-US">Train patient to hold the urine for longer duration gradually increasing time between liquid intake and elimination of urine, etc.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -32.4pt;"><b>Can dementia be cured?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">In some cases where the cause is not the degeneration there the condition can be reversed with right treatment. Mostly dementia is often a result of gradual degeneration of brain building blocks thus once it has been started it can only be slowed down but cannot be reversed. It puts a big onus on the caregivers, as it requires constant care.</span></div></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-35750334967979472352012-04-01T00:54:00.005+05:302012-04-01T14:35:56.601+05:30Learning (A Psychological Perspective)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">In Psychological perspective learning is viewed as follows:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">Learning is defined as a change in behaviour resulting from repeated practice, and both the environment and the behaviour interact to produce the learned change. It is acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviours, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information.</blockquote><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Hw0Z7_o8nAA/T3dX8N88CpI/AAAAAAAAA5M/VZgca9OK63I/s1600/D9CAR1PY1QCAHKGWQPCAMCX14BCA32P7TXCAVAB2BUCAA50BKDCAO0JK6ACAOPAPYPCA4X39WECAH1H35OCA3HUE67CAVWZ7Z4CAT1XF1ICA7A9F6JCA9R4N25CAFC86IRCACFGTLQCADITBKMCA86ZTE8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" dea="true" height="200" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Hw0Z7_o8nAA/T3dX8N88CpI/AAAAAAAAA5M/VZgca9OK63I/s200/D9CAR1PY1QCAHKGWQPCAMCX14BCA32P7TXCAVAB2BUCAA50BKDCAO0JK6ACAOPAPYPCA4X39WECAH1H35OCA3HUE67CAVWZ7Z4CAT1XF1ICA7A9F6JCA9R4N25CAFC86IRCACFGTLQCADITBKMCA86ZTE8.jpg" width="198" /></a></div>Learning and performance are related but should not be confused; when performance is adversely affected by insufficient motivation or by anxiety, learning that has occurred may not be demonstrable. <br />
To assess learning, <em>an aspect of performance</em>, such as the accuracy of a motor skill or the ability to recognize and repeat words, is measured. (A bad result might not necessarily indicate poor learning??? Einstein never got good grades!)<br />
<br />
There are three major theories of learning as follows: <br />
<br />
• Classical conditioning: as a result of the contiguity of environmental events<br />
• Operant conditioning: consequences of a person's actions. <br />
• Social learning: reciprocal interaction between the person and the environment. <br />
<br />
<strong>Classic</strong> (also called respondent) conditioning results from the repeated pairing of a neutral (conditioned) stimulus with one that evokes a response (unconditioned stimulus), such that the neutral stimulus eventually comes to evoke the response. <br />
The time relation between the presentation of the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli is important and varies for optimal learning from a fraction of a second to several seconds. (e.g. Pavlov's famous bell and food experiment on dogs, where dogs started salivating on sound of bell only, when bell sound and food was closely given)<br />
<br />
<strong>Operant conditioning </strong>(first theorised by B. F. Skinner): Whereas in classic conditioning an animal is passive or restrained and behavior is reinforced by the experimenter, in operant conditioning the animal is active and behaves in a way that produces a reward; thus learning occurs as a consequence of action. <br />
<br />
For example, a rat receives a reinforcing stimulus (food) only when it correctly responds by pressing a lever or a good report card for student, incentive for employees acts as reinforcer for further performance.<br />
Food, approval, praise, good grades, or any other response that satisfies a need in an animal or a person can serve as a reward.<br />
Operant conditioning is related to trial-and-error learning. <br />
In trial-and-error learning, a person or animal attempts to solve a problem by trying different actions until one proves successful. <br />
A freely moving organism behaves in a way that is instrumental in producing a reward. <br />
<br />
<strong>Social learning</strong> theory relies on role modeling, identification, and human interactions. <br />
A person can learn by imitating the behavior of another person, but personal factors are involved.<br />
Persons learn by observing others, intentionally or accidentally; this process is described as modelling, or learning through imitation. <br />
When a person dislikes a role model, imitative behavior is unlikely. <br />
If a chosen model reflects healthy norms and values, the person develops self-efficacy, the capacity to adapt to normal, everyday life as well as to threatening situations. <br />
<br />
It is possible to eliminate negative behavior patterns by having a person learn alternative techniques from other role models. <br />
• Phobias in children.<br />
• weight reduction <br />
• smoking cessation programs<br />
• group treatment plans in which members of the group learn from one another. <br />
<br />
<strong>Learning changes brain structures</strong><br />
The neurobiological basis of learning is located in the structures of the brain involved in forming and storing information, which include the hippocampus, the cortex, and the cerebellum. <br />
<br />
One hundred billion neurons in the brain are involved in forming memories, including a layer of 4.6 million cells in the hippocampus.<br />
<br />
<strong>How leaning causes changes in brain?</strong><br />
Learning begins with the senses taking in an environmental stimulus that is eventually transformed into a memory trace or memory link. <br />
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><li>An electrical or chemical impulse, passing through a neuron when the brain receives information, triggers the formation of connections between synapses. </li>
<li>Increase in synaptic connections when learning occurs.</li>
<li>Long-term memories have increased time to link with many locations in the cortex and, thus, are retained longer than short-term memories. </li>
<li>The more connections, the better the chance of contacting a neural pathway leading to the memory.</li>
<li>Repeated reliving of a memory enhances its permanence </li>
</ol><br />
<em>Storage is the key to a good memory. </em>Relating material to something that is already known creates more pathways and increases the storage power. <br />
Processing information at a semantic level involves more of the mind than does rote memorization. <br />
Semantic information decays at a slower rate than information superficially memorized, without meaning and comprehension.<br />
<br />
<strong>You learn what you want to =Motivation</strong><br />
Motivation is a state of being that produces a tendency toward action. <br />
The state may be one of deprivation (e.g., hunger), a value system, need for money or a strongly held belief (e.g., religion). <br />
Biological mechanisms play an important role in motivating behavior. <br />
Social motives, such as the need for recognition and achievement, also account for behavioral patterns (e.g., studying hard to get good grades).<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dVz_6ER92X4/T3dWzCX-rXI/AAAAAAAAA5E/U5eztM7R-KY/s1600/images7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" dea="true" height="200" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dVz_6ER92X4/T3dWzCX-rXI/AAAAAAAAA5E/U5eztM7R-KY/s200/images7.jpg" width="175" /></a></div><strong><span style="color: red;">Practical Tips for students to improve learning:</span></strong><br />
<span style="color: red;">Select the field that you really like, then motivation is inherent in the job.</span><br />
<span style="color: red;">Make small achievable targets...organise your time and resources</span><br />
<span style="color: red;">Dont compare too much with others, focus on self.</span><br />
<span style="color: red;">Link informations to one another...creating a sort of network in mind</span><br />
<span style="color: red;">Reward & praise yourself, others for good work</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: red;">Practise and revise... Start early...no short cuts!</span></div></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-69385250845888519822011-07-31T20:56:00.000+05:302011-07-31T20:56:21.896+05:30Adolescent Conflicts: How to deal with them?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_4oreee="151">This piece of information may be helpful for the parents and families where the children are approaching adolescence. Problems in these areas mostly lands the families in trouble.</div><div closure_uid_4oreee="151"><br />
</div><div closure_uid_4oreee="171"><strong>The home should be a safe base</strong></div><div closure_uid_4oreee="152">Adolescent children are exploring life, but need a base to come back to. Home should be the place where they feel safe, protected cared and will be taken seriously. A safe place is usually a peaceful one.</div><br />
<div><strong></strong> </div><div><strong>Mutual support</strong></div><div closure_uid_4oreee="154">Parents need to agree between themselves about their basic values and rules, and be supportive and unambiguous in applying them.</div>It's difficult for a teenager to respect parents who are always at each other's throats or undermining each other. A common problem is for one parent to ally with their child against the other parent. This usually leads to constant family trouble.<br />
<br />
<div closure_uid_4oreee="156"><strong>Listening Really</strong> </div><div>Parents are a source of advice, sympathy and comfort, if they listen to the youngsters. A teenager needs to know that his or her parents will not automatically pass a judgement and criticise. They will be forthcoming with their problems, rather than raise a tantrum. Patient listening is important.</div><div closure_uid_4oreee="155"><br />
</div><div closure_uid_4oreee="155"><strong>Rules</strong></div><div closure_uid_4oreee="155">It is reasonable that parents should decide what the ground rules are. Whilst adolescents may protest, sensible rules can be the basis for security and agreement. They must be:</div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li> Clear, so everybody knows where they stand.</li>
<li> Where possible, they should be agreed with the children.</li>
<li> Consistent, so everyone sticks to them.</li>
<li closure_uid_4oreee="161"> Reasonable.</li>
<li closure_uid_4oreee="161">Less restrictive as children become more responsible.</li>
</ul>You can't (and shouldn't) have rules for everything. While some issues will not be negotiable, there should be room for bargaining on others.<br />
Punishments, such as loss of pocket money, will only work if they are established in advance. Don't threaten these if you are not willing to carry them out.<br />
<div closure_uid_4oreee="175">Rewards for behaving well are just as important - probably more important, in fact.</div><br />
<div><strong></strong> </div><div><strong>In case of disagreements</strong></div><div>Involve your children in making family rules - like all of us, they are more likely to stick to rules if they can see some logic to them and have helped to make them. If a teenager is reluctant to discuss rules for him or herself, they may still do this if they can see that it might be helpful for younger brothers or sisters. </div><div>A lot of things adolescents do may be irritating to parents (as parents probably irritate them), but not all are worth an argument. It's usually better to spend time on praising good decisions or behaviour. Many annoying habits will burn themselves out once parents stop reacting to them.</div><div><strong></strong> </div><div><strong>Don't compete with them</strong></div><div closure_uid_4oreee="173">Adolescents are growing and gaining strengths, and having a lot of opportunities and may be very busy, making the parents feel older for the first time. At times jealousy can be the underlying reason for all sorts of arguments and trouble.</div><br />
<div><strong></strong> </div><div><strong>Physical punishment</strong></div><div>Although it is now viewed as unhelpful, many people still occasionally smack younger children. It create’s the impression that violence is an acceptable way to solve difficulties. This means that they are more likely to grow up to use violence as adults. It can create a cycle of violence </div><br />
<div> </div><strong>Parents are the prime example</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
<div>Although they are becoming more independent, the children will still learn a lot about how to behave from the parents. If you don't want them to swear, don't swear yourself. If you don't want them to get drunk, don't get drunk yourself. If you don't want them to be violent, don't use violence yourself. If you want them to be kind and generous to other people ….. try to be like this yourself. “Do as I say, not as I do” just won't work.</div><br />
<div> </div><strong>Thankless Teenagers</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
<div>Don't worry if your children aren't as grateful as you' like. It's great if they are, but they may not be until they have children of their own and realise how demanding it can be.</div><br />
<div> </div><strong>When to seek help</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Sometimes, all of this may not be enough and you (or your child) may be unable to cope. Worries about the physical changes of adolescence can be discussed with the family doctor</li>
<li closure_uid_4oreee="164">If there is violence in your family - parents hitting one another, children hitting each other, parents hitting children or children hitting parents - ask for help.</li>
<li closure_uid_4oreee="165">When problems arise at school, school refusal or decline in grades are there.</li>
<li closure_uid_4oreee="165">Psychological help may be needed if relationships are the issue.</li>
<li>Adolescents who experience turmoil or distress for more than a few months - persistent depression, anxiety, serious eating disorders or difficult behaviour - generally require professional help. </li>
<li>Specialist help can help the whole family.</li>
</ul></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com2Indira Nagar Colony, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India26.874918345258944 80.98920694172215926.865339345258946 80.970050441722165 26.884497345258943 81.008363441722153tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-30578586099606146052011-07-26T08:42:00.001+05:302011-07-26T18:37:33.091+05:30Unravelling Adolescence Conflicts: Few Facts<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eWTBNtWfs4I/Ti4wFZPfJgI/AAAAAAAAA28/huNLUsfiwJM/s1600/15977t5tp8oqf5j.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200px" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eWTBNtWfs4I/Ti4wFZPfJgI/AAAAAAAAA28/huNLUsfiwJM/s200/15977t5tp8oqf5j.jpg" t$="true" width="200px" /></a></div><div closure_uid_vok8er="158" style="text-align: justify;"><strong closure_uid_vok8er="220">The Growing Years</strong><br />
<div closure_uid_x6fz71="151">The teenage years can be a source of emotional trauma for whole of the family. A void can grow between parents and their children during adolescence. Why should many of the families land into trouble?</div>It's a time of rapid physical development and deep emotional changes. These are exciting, but can also be confusing and uncomfortable for child and parent alike.<br />
The process of rapid physical changes in adolescence is called puberty. The hormone changes responsible actually begin some years earlier and may produce periods of moodiness and restlessness.<br />
Besides rapid physical growth and these changes include<br />
<em>For girls</em>: menstrual periods, breast development, growth of under-arm, body and pubic hair. <br />
<em>For boys</em>: voice becoming deeper, growth of body and pubic hair, facial hair, erections and nocturnal emissions.<br />
Teenagers may sleep more as growth and development uses a lot of energy<br />
Parents become less important in their children's eyes as their life outside the family develops.<br />
Parents often feel rejected, and in a sense they are. But this is often necessary for young people to develop their own identity. In spite of the differences and arguments the children will usually think a lot of the parents.</div><strong closure_uid_vok8er="203"></strong><br />
<div closure_uid_vok8er="158" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div closure_uid_vok8er="158" style="text-align: justify;"><strong closure_uid_vok8er="203">Behavioural Problems in Adolescence</strong><br />
Teenagers and their parents complain about each other's behaviour. Parents often feel they have lost any sort of control or influence over their child. </div><div closure_uid_vok8er="147" style="text-align: justify;">Adolescents want their parents to be clear and consistent about rules and boundaries, but at the same time may resent any restrictions on their growing freedom and ability to decide for themselves.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Young people can crave excitement in a way that most adults find difficult to understand - and exciting activities may be dangerous.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div closure_uid_x6fz71="185">Disagreements are common and normal, but when to conserned? As a general rule, the chances of children being at risk of getting into trouble are more if their parents don't know where they are. So, try to keep a track of what the children want and where they are going to spend their time</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">School Refusal can be due to:</div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><div style="text-align: justify;">difficulties in separating from parents</div></li>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">being perfectionist, and becoming depressed because they can't do as well as they would want to disturbed family life, with early separation from or death of parent.</div></li>
<li closure_uid_vok8er="156"><div style="text-align: justify;">an established pattern which may have started at primary school. Such children often have physical symptoms, such as headache or stomach-ache.</div></li>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">Bullying can also cause all of the above. Most young people do not break the law, but those who do are usually boys. </div></li>
</ol><div style="text-align: justify;">Many adolescents diet. Fortunately, few will develop serious eating disorders like anorexia or bulimia. However, these are more likely to occur in those who take up serious dieting, think very little of themselves, are under stress and who have been over-weight as a child. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div closure_uid_vok8er="157" style="text-align: justify;">Many teenagers experiment with alcohol and illegal drugs. Regular use of drugs or alcohol is much less common.</div><div closure_uid_vok8er="157" style="text-align: justify;"></div><div closure_uid_vok8er="157" style="text-align: justify;"><div closure_uid_x6fz71="153"><em>Adolescence has often been projected as bad time. </em><em>However, the scenario is not as bad and most teenagers actually like their parents and feel that they get on well with them.</em> </div><div closure_uid_x6fz71="153">It is a time when the process of growing up can help people to make positive changes, and to put the problems of the past behind them.</div></div><div closure_uid_vok8er="157" style="text-align: justify;">It is not just a difficult stage, although it can feel very much like it at times. The anxiety experienced by parents is not one sided. Periods of uncertainty, turmoil and unhappiness are also experienced by the adolescent.</div><div closure_uid_vok8er="157" style="text-align: justify;">Difficult times come and go, but most adolescents don't develop serious problems. It's worth remembering this when things are difficult.</div><div closure_uid_vok8er="157" style="text-align: justify;">Parents may sometimes start to feel that they have failed. But still they continue to play a crucial part in their children's lives. Helping the children grow through adolescence can be profoundly satisfying.</div></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com4Indira Nagar Colony, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India26.874918345258919 80.98920157730412926.865339345258921 80.970045077304135 26.884497345258918 81.008358077304123tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-4512104311561476912011-05-30T17:43:00.001+05:302011-05-30T18:05:55.575+05:30Marital Therapy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nw91v_guCSE/TeOIHm3JSGI/AAAAAAAAA18/AHjkJ0EG4S0/s1600/maritall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="255" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nw91v_guCSE/TeOIHm3JSGI/AAAAAAAAA18/AHjkJ0EG4S0/s400/maritall.jpg" t8="true" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Marriage is one of the biggest gambles of life. If the gamble works, adjustment and compromise becomes the life mantra and if it doesn’t work then divorce or extramarital affairs are the outcome. If the marriage works, it doesn’t mean it is perfect. <em>Perfect marriage is an illusion</em>. It happens only in Mills and Boons novels. Once the honeymoon period is over, the curtain from the eyes is lifted and a clearer picture emerges. The same spouse who seemed to be carved out with utmost perfection becomes a bundle of imperfections. Fights, arguments, negative feelings & cribbing become a rule rather than an exception. If you feel that now nothing can happen and separation is the answer, think again. If love and motivation to stay together exists and no present extra marital affairs and violence or gross untreatable mental illness exists in either of the partner hope exists. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Marital therapy</strong> is the treatment of choice when such a problem becomes difficult to solve. The problem is approached in a step wise manner through a series of sessions. These are paced as per the problems in a professional and scientific manner. Few tips are given below. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">No one is 100% bad or good. If there are lacunae within your partner, there must be something good as well. You can keep concentrating on the negatives and keep feeling worse but if there is anything positive, think about it which will give at least a ray of hope to move on. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Whenever feeling low, think of all the happy memories and the good times you spent together which will not only lift away the despair but also will help you in thinking clearly. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Years of marriage results in blame game whereby responsibility for anything that has gone wrong is passed on to the other partner. Shedding away the responsibility is the easiest thing to do and takes the guilt away as well. Think again. Attacking your partner will always result in defensive reaction by the other partner, the result of which will always be a fight.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Discuss issues with your partner, things that make you happy or sad, what are your expectations, how can this alliance be improved. Communication very important; which should be done in the right fashion. If you don’t talk; you can’t talk your way out.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Realise your own mistakes and how you rectify them. Change has to be brought in both the partners so why not start from your own self. Write down your positives and negatives and do the same for your partner as well. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Imagine how it would be like to be married to your own self. Then you might be able to understand the position of your spouse better. It would also help you in understanding your own self. </div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_xyf8OsGfK4/TeOKjKk3XDI/AAAAAAAAA2A/jnjF2BiBkyU/s1600/family.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_xyf8OsGfK4/TeOKjKk3XDI/AAAAAAAAA2A/jnjF2BiBkyU/s200/family.jpg" t8="true" width="200" /></a></div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">Long term marriages work on strengths and not weaknesses. Concentrate on the strengths of your partner and build upon it. Concentrate your energies in constructive things around you which give you happiness.</div></blockquote></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-84556332649099401682011-05-29T17:23:00.002+05:302011-05-29T23:08:33.740+05:30Depressed? Dont be.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CVmqsH4z3MU/TeItkho0muI/AAAAAAAAA14/H10P8_zTC8A/s1600/sad.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="cssfloat: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="262" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CVmqsH4z3MU/TeItkho0muI/AAAAAAAAA14/H10P8_zTC8A/s400/sad.jpg" t8="true" width="400" /></a></div>We all at some point in life we all have had periods of feeling <span style="color: blue;">blue</span>. The feeling persists till the time the desired goal is not achieved or some compromise is done. Depression is a feeling state which persists over a long period of time causing <span style="color: red;">disturbance in thinking, behaviour, feeling, biological functions, interpersonal relations and psychosocial functioning. </span></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: justify;">Depression is such a common problem that sometimes it is referred to as common cold of psychiatry. The depression may be unipolar or bipolar. It may be endogenous or exogenous. The cause may be either internal or external. There is imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain. Sometimes the environmental conditions may be so harsh that inability to cope up may result in depression. The range of severity may differ from mild, moderate to severe. There may be prolonged periods of feeling sad, loss of interest in the self, world and the environment. There may be severe loss of energy and initiative taking. The guilt feelings can be extreme. The perception of the world becomes negative. Biological functions like sleep, appetite and sexual performance may deteriorate and in the extreme state, suicide may be sought. In psychotic depression, there may be extreme immobility and the patients may experience hallucinations and delusions as well. The contact with reality may be lost. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The <strong>treatment </strong>depends upon the severity of the condition. There are a lot of misconceptions ignorance and regarding treatment leading to a lot of unnecessary suffering and loss of productive time. Depression is not because of lack of effort from the patient. Don’t get angry if the person cannot be positive despite ‘instructions’.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">In mild or moderate depression, the patient is managed either with Medications or Psychotherapies, with medications becoming more important as the severity increases. In severe depression, hospitalisation may be required whereby the patient is managed with medications. The medications given are very safe and effective if taken under proper supervision. These do not cause dullness and do not make a person lethargic. These are also not addicting or causing dependence. And the treatment results are most encouraging.</div></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-58758205303555745822011-05-21T07:20:00.003+05:302011-05-21T07:47:56.547+05:30Anger Management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GUnPBO0CQfg/TdccMNc5WeI/AAAAAAAAA1o/6ofp7JflVh0/s1600/i2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" j8="true" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GUnPBO0CQfg/TdccMNc5WeI/AAAAAAAAA1o/6ofp7JflVh0/s200/i2.jpg" width="195" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Anger</strong> is an emotion related to one's psychological interpretation of having been offended, wronged or denied and a tendency to undo that by retaliation.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Being angry is not always bad. Anger is a normal human emotion, which prepares a person for dealing with the anticipated threat. Anger becomes a problem when due to various factors it becomes excessive, persistent, poorly controlled and starts interfering a person’s usual routine or social life.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Anger Management Therapies are tailor made as per the requirements of the clients. The personality, psychological mindedness of the clients, perspective on life and how the client has led one’s life is all crucial for determining the progress of therapeutic intervention. The number of sessions depends upon the severity of the problem. It can range from 5-10 sessions with adequate spacing in between. </div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Cognitive Restructuring</strong> is the treatment of choice. It is the process of guided self- discovery whereby the client realises that anger is just one of the many responses that can be given to any dissatisfying situation. Anger is felt when some goal is not achieved, things do not function the way they are planned or when dissatisfaction is felt over one’s life. The result is frustration and subsequently anger is felt. In Cognitive restructuring the clients are made to see the power of cognition as to how it can affect behaviour either positively/negatively which thereby determines the consequence. Cognitions are nothing but the belief system of the client. <em>The situation is not held responsible for the action but the thoughts and beliefs are</em>. One experiences anger and expresses it because there is fear of loss of control over the situation. This inability within oneself to tackle the situation fruitfully is hidden behind the facade of getting anger and hiding the insecure selves. So belief is generated within oneself and the <em>clients are made to realise that they are not passive recipient of the harsh environmental forces but with ones beliefs, can change the consequences</em>. Clients are made to realise with the help of techniques of <strong>Reflective listening, Motivational interviewing, Socratic questioning</strong> and empathetic understanding that anger at some point can serve some functional utility but if crosses the threshold then can be self destructive and debilitating. Other better options also exist which the clients fail to see which are then made more visible therapeutically. If one changes the belief regarding a situation and doesn’t feel threatened, then the consequences can also change.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>A-B-C Model</strong> of anger management works by the understanding that the anger is a <strong>behaviour</strong> which has a<strong>ntecedents</strong> (i.e. the situations and conditions leading to Behaviour of being angry) and <strong>consequences</strong> (i.e. the after-effects of anger, e.g. being angry repeatedly can further sour a strained relationship, increasing chances of being angry). By manipulation of these antecedents (e.g. by trying to repair a strained relation) and consequences(e.g. delaying an angry response) in such a way that decreases the likelihood of thebehaviour of being angry.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Stress Inoculation Therapy</strong> is an option too, where the clients are inoculated against stress and trained to deal with stress effectively as the need arises. Anger is just one of the responses to frustration. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mindfulness training</strong> where clients are trained towards self awareness and understanding that both good and bad are parts of the big picture and not isolated phenomena, leading to less violent reactions.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Metacognitive therapy</strong> is a higher order form of therapy where clients are trained to think about one’s own thoughts and to develop discrepancy between self owned thoughts. The clients can see, as a result, the fallacies in one’s own thinking process.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Other techniques are also taught which helps the clients to channelize their anger more productively. When in anger, analogy is given of a traffic signal. The clients are encouraged to “stop, look, think and act” which when followed can save oneself from accidents. Withholding ones immediate response can give some time to think and this can save oneself from impulsive decisions. One can drink a glass of water or box out ones anger on the bed are probably withdraw from the situation which can at least bring some momentary relief.</div><span style="color: red;"><blockquote><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red;">ANGER is only one letter short of DANGER</span></div></blockquote></span></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-23260106969081286872011-05-12T00:11:00.000+05:302011-05-12T00:11:16.405+05:30Weight loss: The Psychological Aspect<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gkMJOEluAAc/TcrYI7S1-RI/AAAAAAAAA1g/pXaBGBa0kRk/s1600/weigt+loss.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" j8="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gkMJOEluAAc/TcrYI7S1-RI/AAAAAAAAA1g/pXaBGBa0kRk/s320/weigt+loss.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>Dealing with weight gain is one of the most difficult psychological tasks. Many people might not agree with this but having consensus on this issue is not the aim. The intention with which this piece is written is just to inculcate hope and motivation regarding one’s ability in dealing with their own body.<br />
<br />
<br />
There are a lot of issues associated with weight gain which is why loosing weight is regarded as a psychological battle rather than a physical one.<br />
<br />
Self image which is derived primarily from body image is an important facet associated with person perception which our opinion is regarding our own self. How others perceive us also forms an important part of self image which largely determines our self esteem. Having an appropriate body weight is considered attractive. The day you look good is the day you feel good. If you feel good, self confidence shoots up and vice versa. Slow weight gain is like slowly losing control over one’s body and involuntarily surrendering oneself. Slowly we sit in silent and magical anticipation that a day will come when we will be able to fit ourselves in the old jeans. But obviously that day never comes. Sizes sought after are mostly L or XL with just cold sighs towards the S or M range. Dining outside is always associated with severe guilt which is compensated for by missing the next day breakfast or lunch and suffering perennially from hunger pangs. The taste of biryani is forgotten, cold drinks and meethi lassis are replaced by cold water. Mangoes and bananas are replaced by water melons, oranges or grapes. Wardrobe slowly is overflowed with baggy like clothes and good fitting clothes are said bye-bye to. One avoids fridge as if it contains some infectious microbes which will contaminate you permanently .The routes are changed so that the favourite sweet shop or junk food outlet is not crossed. One remains always hungry and frustrated. The results are either bulimic munching or anorexic dieting. Eventually long term outcome is loss not of those extra kilos but of self esteem, self confidence and happiness .<br />
<br />
But the belief in oneself that one has control over one self is like half the battle won. The golden rule behind weight loss is not exercise primarily but PERSEVERENCE and MOTIVATION. These important traits are responsible for any act whereby long term goal is expected. Shedding those extra kilos is not impossible task nor does it require the help of those weight loss pills or slimming centres which claim weight loss of 3-5kgs in a short time. It results in more harm than good. If one is motivated enough to realise ones goals, there is no stopping. Motivation to shed those extra kilos will act as a fuel to the fire and if it is backed by perseverance then the aim is not far reaching any more. Usually time is taken out for all the important tasks except exercise. Remember that you are important, all the work and the world can take a back seat. If you can’t love or take care of your own self, how can you love or take care of others. Respect your own self first. Give yourself priority. In 24hrs, take out at least ½ hr for exercise. You can dance, do aerobics, cycle, treadmill or walk, do yoga or whatever form of exercise you prefer. Fix this time. Use music to make it enjoyable. Every mobile phone has got this option. Whatever you do, just do it regularly. Sunday can be an off day.<br />
<br />
PATIENCE and HARD WORK is the key to success. Just give yourself a time frame and aim at loosing 5-6kgs. It is not a question of a month or two; it might take a year, so just keep going on. Something which you have nurtured over all these years like your own baby will take some time to shed away. Do not weigh yourself every day. Just hide the machine and weigh yourself once a month. It is very much acceptable that you do not loose even an inch in two months. Every machine takes some time to pick up momentum. Our body is the most astounding god made machine. The resistant extra kilos which have accumulated over all these years will take some time to go. When you invest your money, the long term investment pays higher dividends. Similarly you are investing time in your body, returns will take some time. After first three months of regular and rigorous exercise, returns will be visible. The body will be more toned up, mood will be fresh, and probably one or two kgs are lost. From there on, aim at loosing 1 kg per month. If the weight loss is slow, weight gain will also be slow. But never over do. Listen to your body.<br />
<br />
Accompanying this is the right kind of DIETARY HABITS. Do not avoid healthy food like rice, roti, fruits, vegetables or non veg. The amount needs to be monitored. One can avoid excess oil, unsaturated fats, red meat, artificial beverages etc. People often stay hungry while dieting which should not be done. Where will you get the energy from to exercise? You should be found on the treadmill or park and not on the hospital bed. Eat everything but in moderation. Never skip breakfast, that’s the most important meal of the day. Avoid paranthas, eat roti instead or brown bread. Never push out anything completely from your diet like sugar or rice or meat etc. When you restart all these things, you gain more rapidly. Our body requires all these things including fats. You can even treat yourself to your favourite sweet or dish or can dine outside after a week. Eat small portions more frequently rather than following thrice a day meal plan. Eating in short intervals will kill the hunger pangs and the amount of food intake for the next meal will be reduced. The cravings will also reduce. Along with your body one has to take care of one’s face as well. Do not loose the lustre of your face in the race to shed off those extra kgs. Facial will improve only outside skin. If the skin is healthy it will show.<br />
<br />
Be REALISTIC in your aim. One has to decide how much is extra and this goal has to be realistic. Every body’s body chemistry is variable and therefore the response to exercise differs. Be realistic in the amount of weight you want to loose. Do not expect drastic results. Do not aim at size zero as well. Every body’s tendency to loose or gain kgs is variable. Stop comparing yourself to your friend who has followed the same diet plan as yours and doing the same set of exercise yet has shown better results than you. Whenever your hope start diminishing or motivation starts dwindling, thing of what you will look like after 6-7 months, the feeling of getting back into your old jeans or eating as much as you want, is motivating enough.<br />
<br />
“Every time I feel like exercising, I lie down till the feeling passes”, if your life mantra is this.....then you do not need anything but motivation.</div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-12823509322651588712011-03-06T13:19:00.000+05:302011-03-06T13:19:54.930+05:30Child Psychology: Behavioural Management of problem behaviours in Children<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">The following is the out line of modules used to manage manage Problem behaviors in Children. It is not an exclusive list and is intended only for education of Parents and Caregivers. These are highly effective and proven measures of intervention. <br />
The strategies are arranged as to be least intrusive to most intrusive. Therapist should be clear and confident about specific strategies. Parental consent is a must for using these strategies.<br />
<br />
Depending on the degree of the problem, the strategies are used at several levels.<br />
<br />
<strong><span style="color: red;">Level I</span></strong>: It includes manipulation of the antecedents that trigger the problem behaviours.<br />
Eg. If a child is engaging himself in thumb sucking behaviour whenever he is free this behaviours can be reduced by keeping him busy in some adaptive manual activities like, counting objects, finger painting etc.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><strong>Level II</strong></span>: Strategies of differential reinforcement, where <em>Differential Reinforcement</em> refers to the process in which desirable behaviours are reinforced and undesirable behaviours are not reinforced. <br />
Types:<br />
1. Differential reinforcement of low rate behaviors (DRL).<br />
2. Differential reinforcement of other behaviours (DRO)<br />
3. Differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviours (DRI)<br />
4. Differential reinforcement of alternative behaviours (DRA)<br />
<br />
<strong>DRL</strong>: It is used when the primary focus is to reduce the behaviour but not to eliminate the behaviour. <br />
Eg: If child has habit of shouting we can’t expect him to totally stop talking but he will be rewarded when he speaks at normal voice.<br />
<br />
<strong>DRO</strong>: When a target problem behaviour has not occurred/ or been postponed for a specific period of time, then the reinforcement is provided.<br />
Eg: If a child has a habit of getting up from seat frequently, he would be reinforced when he remains in seat for a specific period of time.<br />
<br />
<strong>DRA</strong>: Here reinforcement is provided on occurrence of alternative desirable behaviours.<br />
Eg: In a specific interval, if the child asks permission to go out rather than running away, he will be rewarded for asking permission (i.e. alternative behaviour).<br />
<br />
<strong>DRI</strong>: In this module, reinforcement is provided on occurrence of the behaviour that is physically incompatible to the problem behaviour.<br />
Eg: If child has the habit of thumb sucking, he will be engaged in some manual activity so that his hand will not be free for sucking. And reinforcement is given when he engages in that particular manual activity.<br />
<br />
<strong><span style="color: red;">Level III</span></strong>:<br />
<strong>Extinction</strong>: It simply means terminating reinforcing event that maintains problem behaviour.<br />
Eg: If a child cries only to get the attention of adults that can be safely ignored.<br />
<br />
Extinction is mainly used for attention seeking behaviours or if, the function is clearly measurable.<br />
It should not be used if the function of behaviour is escape or self stimulatory.<br />
<br />
<strong><span style="color: red;">Level IV</span></strong>: Removal of undesirable behaviour stimuli. It includes 2 techniques:<br />
<br />
<strong>Response cost</strong>: If a child shows a particular target behaviour he will be made to pay cost for it.<br />
Eg: Tokens or rewards may be withdrawn when a child breaks an object. But, this technique is possible only when the child has some token/rewards and does not run out of them to pay as cost.<br />
<br />
<strong>Time-out</strong>: It means, removal of reward from the child or the child from reinforcing situation.<br />
Eg.: While everybody is playing, if a child is disturbing others with a toy, the toy will be taken away from him or he will be removed from the situation for a specific period of time.<br />
In case, if time-out room is used, the child should not be secluded for more than 1 to 5 minutes. And there should not be any recreational or potentially dangerous articles in the time- out room.<br />
This strategy should not be used with very young children, or if they have associated medical problems like seizures etc. or if the function of behaviour is “escape” or “self-stimulatory”.<br />
<br />
<strong><span style="color: red;">Level V</span></strong>: Presentation of aversive stimuli.<br />
<br />
<strong>Unconditioned aversive stimuli</strong>: It includes the use of stimuli like water spray directly on face or mild tick or pungent odors. But this strategy is very rarely used. It is proved to be successful in managing stereotypical behaviours.<br />
<br />
<strong>Conditioned aversive stimulus</strong>: As in conveying verbal displeasure (Like, an emphatic ‘No’)<br />
<br />
<strong>Over-correction</strong>: It is considered to be educative. The purpose of overcorrection is to teach student to take responsibility for their problem behaviour and teach them desirable behaviors. It involves two methods. <br />
a. Bringing the situation back to normalcy (Restitution)<br />
b. Teaching appropriate behaviour (Positive practice)<br />
Eg: If a child spits on the floor, he will be made to wipe the place (Restitution) and also taught where to spit, like in a wash-basin. (Positive- practice).</div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-76969812971771573752011-02-06T12:30:00.000+05:302011-02-06T12:30:08.777+05:30Sexual Disorders: Premature Ejaculation<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">According to the tenth revision of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10, WHO), sexual dysfunction refers to a person's inability to “participate in a sexual relationship as he or she would wish.” The dysfunction is expressed as a lack of desire or of pleasure or as a physiological inability to begin, maintain, or complete sexual interaction.” <br />
They can be lifelong or acquired, generalized or situational, and due to psychological factors, physiological factors, or combined factors. They can be attributable entirely or partially to a medical condition, drug/alcohol use, or adverse effects of medication.<br />
<br />
PREMATURE EJACULATION (PME)<br />
<em>From an evolutionary point of view, a rapid completion of coitus is more adaptive in situations where predators are at large, but then we have moved out of jungles a long time back.</em><br />
In PME, the man repeatedly reaches orgasm and ejaculation occurs before he desires to do so...and before there is full satisfaction in the sexual act. There is no definite time frame within which to define the dysfunction. The diagnosis is made when the man regularly ejaculates before or immediately after entering the vagina or after minimal sexual stimulation. Sometimes 15 seconds taken as the upper time limit, at other times when a man could not control ejaculation long enough during intravaginal containment to satisfy his partner in at least half of their episodes of coitus).<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TU5EmGz1H2I/AAAAAAAAAzY/czCd7lDOub0/s1600/photo_10631_20091216.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" h5="true" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TU5EmGz1H2I/AAAAAAAAAzY/czCd7lDOub0/s320/photo_10631_20091216.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Duration = ?</td></tr>
</tbody></table>The factors that affect duration of the excitement phase, such as age, novelty of the sexual partner, and the frequency and duration of coitus should also be considered before making a diagnosis.<br />
<br />
Difficulty in ejaculatory control is sometimes associated with anxiety regarding the sexual act. Both anxiety and ejaculation are mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. Other psychological factors that can contribute are sexual guilt, a history of parent–child conflict, interpersonal hypersensitivity, and perfectionism or unrealistic expectations about sexual performance.<br />
<br />
Few men are more vulnerable to sympathetic stimulation, hence, they ejaculate rapidly. Others have found a shorter bulbocavernosus reflex nerve latency time in men with lifelong premature ejaculation than in men who had acquired the dysfunction.<br />
<br />
Premature ejaculation also may result from negative conditioning. The man who has most of his early sexual contacts in situations in which discovery would be embarrassing, such as there is lack of privacy or with has had prior intercourses with prostitutes who demand that the sex act proceed quickly, become conditioned to achieving orgasm rapidly. <br />
A stressful marriage exacerbates the disorder. <br />
<br />
The problem is quiet common, but under reported due to obvious reasons. About that 30 percent of the male population are reported to suffer, and approximately 40 percent of men treated for sexual disorders have premature ejaculation as the chief complaint.<br />
<br />
<strong>Sex therapy</strong><br />
<br />
This shoud be done under supervision of an expert only. In cases of premature ejaculation, an exercise known as the squeeze technique is used for the purpose of raising the threshold of penile excitability. In this exercise, the man or the woman stimulates the erect penis until the earliest sensations of impending orgasm and ejaculation are felt. Penile stimulation is then abruptly stopped, and the coronal ridge of the penis is squeezed for several seconds. The technique is repeated several times. <br />
<br />
Another variation is the stop–start technique, in which stimulation is interrupted for several seconds but no squeeze is applied. The man is encouraged to focus on sensations of excitement rather than distract himself from them. This makes him more familiar with his excitement pattern and lets him feel in control rather than overwhelmed by sensations of arousal. Communication between the partners is improved because the man must let his partner know his level of sexual excitement so that she can squeeze the penis before the ejaculatory process has started. Sex therapy has been successful with some premature ejaculators; however, a subgroup of dysfunctional men may need pharmacotherapy as well.<br />
<br />
<strong>Medications</strong><br />
<br />
Delayed orgasm is a peculiar side effect of Selective Serotonergic Reuptake Inhibitors type of antidepressants, and this aspect has been used to prolong the sexual response in patients with premature ejaculation. This approach is particularly useful in patients refractory to behavioral techniques or who may have physiologically determined premature ejaculation.<br />
Dapoxetine is a new, short acting SSRI specifically developed to treat premature ejaculation.<br />
Other on demand treatment for premature ejaculation is topical anaesthetic such as lidocaine cream or spray in mild strength, which is applied to the glans of the penis. <br />
<br />
Again all these approaches are to be used only under medical supervision. </div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com181tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-51744626554512368522010-12-21T23:39:00.001+05:302010-12-21T23:41:42.775+05:30Drug use in Pregnancy- FDA Categories<span style="font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TRDnql-5y2I/AAAAAAAAAxg/AH-6kcX7imI/s1600/photo_20646_20100917.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" height="213" n4="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TRDnql-5y2I/AAAAAAAAAxg/AH-6kcX7imI/s320/photo_20646_20100917.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>In view of such events as the thalidomide crisis in the 1960’s when in-utero exposure lead to Phocomelia, and the teratogenic effects of diethylstilbestrol in 1979 US Food and Drug Administration developed strict guidelines regarding drug labeling, use of medications in pregnancy with safety parameters before it was marketed.</em></span> </span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"></span><span style="font-family: inherit;">FDA classifies various drugs used in pregnancy into five categories, categories A, B, C, D and X. Category A is considered the safest while category X is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy.</span><br />
<br />
<strong><span style="color: red; font-family: inherit;">Pregnancy Category A</span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Adequate and well-controlled human studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters). </span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<strong><span style="color: red; font-family: inherit;">Pregnancy Category B</span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women OR Animal studies have shown an adverse effect, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in any trimester. </span><br />
<strong><span style="color: red; font-family: inherit;">Pregnancy Category C</span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks. </span><br />
<strong><span style="color: red; font-family: inherit;">Pregnancy Category D</span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks. </span><br />
<strong><span style="color: red; font-family: inherit;">Pregnancy Category X</span></strong><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits. </span><br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy_category"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Source</span></a>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-15131823643441688952010-12-19T09:22:00.003+05:302011-06-08T08:03:44.972+05:30Journal Impact Factor<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TQ4TstqCZZI/AAAAAAAAAxc/vxALEx28XtY/s1600/photo_24352_20101214.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" n4="true" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TQ4TstqCZZI/AAAAAAAAAxc/vxALEx28XtY/s320/photo_24352_20101214.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>The best evaluation system for the quality of a Journal would involve actually reading all its articles but then the amount of information available is too much, and expanding for this sort of evaluation to carry on.<br />
<br />
<br />
Here comes the role of Journal Impact Factor.<br />
<br />
The Impact factor was devised by Eugene Garfield, the founder of the Institute for Scientific Information, now part of Thomson, a large worldwide US-based publisher. <br />
<br />
It is not a perfect tool but is generally considered a good technique for scientific evaluation. For those who have some experience in research publications will know that it is difficult to get an article published in the best of journals, which incidentally also have the highest impact factors.<br />
<br />
CALCULATION<br />
<br />
The impact factor for a journal is calculated based on a three-year period. It can be viewed as an approximation of the average number of citations in a year, given to those papers in a journal that were published during the two preceding years. For example, the 2003 impact factor for a journal would be calculated as follows:<br />
<br />
A = the number of times articles published in 2001-2 were cited in indexed journals during 2003 <br />
<br />
B = the number of "citable items" (usually articles, reviews, proceedings or notes; not editorials and letters-to-the-Editor) published in 2001-2 <br />
<br />
2003 impact factor = A/B <br />
<br />
(note that the 2003 impact factor was actually published in 2004, because it could not be calculated until all of the 2003 publications had been received.) <br />
<br />
A convenient way of thinking about it is that if a journal is cited once for each article published it will have an Impact Factor(IF) of ‘1’ in the expression above.<br />
<br />
In the field of psychiatry... Archives of General Psychiatry is the Highest rated in terms of IF. The impact factor of Indian Journal of Psychiatry cannot be calculated as of now as it has been indexed for less than an year. <br />
<br />
Sci-Bytes provides ranking and impact factor for selective journals. The list is located here:<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencegateway.org/rank/index.html">http://www.sciencegateway.org/rank/index.html</a></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-70354924591833044452010-11-06T23:16:00.005+05:302010-11-07T23:27:43.134+05:30COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong> </strong> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TNUgsbxPBDI/AAAAAAAAAws/9ceGXUgqoIk/s1600/pills.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong><img border="0" height="320" px="true" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TNUgsbxPBDI/AAAAAAAAAws/9ceGXUgqoIk/s320/pills.jpg" width="320" /></strong></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Even if you take a pill for every ill, medications can't do everything.</strong></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong></strong> So the next step is COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY. Few facts below.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>IS IT USEFUL?</strong></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">CBT is one of the established methods of treatment of mental health problems.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It is one of the most effective treatments for conditions where anxiety or depression is the main problem</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It is the most effective psychological treatment for moderate and severe depression</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It is <em>as effective as antidepressants for many types of depression<span id="goog_449320247"></span></em></span></span><br />
<span id="goog_449320249" style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><strong>WHERE DOES IT HELP?</strong></span> </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It can help people suffering from <em>Anxiety, depression, panic, phobias (including agoraphobia and social phobia), poor stress coping, eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder.<strong> </strong></em></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Those with <em>anger outbursts</em>, or with <em>a low opinion of self or chronic physical health problems</em>, like pain or fatigue, can also benefit a lot.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>HOW DOES IT WORK?</strong> </span></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It is <em>a way of talking about</em>: </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"> How you think about yourself, the world and other people?</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"> How what you do affects your thoughts and feelings?</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">CBT can help you to change <strong>how you think</strong> ("<em>Cognitive</em>") and <strong>what you do</strong> ("<em>Behaviour</em>)".</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">These changes can help you to feel better.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">There is focus on the "here and now" problems and difficulties instead of focussing on the causes of distress in the past.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Problems can be overwhelming... but by <em>breaking them down into smaller parts...</em> makes it easier to see how they are connected and how they affect you. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">In a <strong>test situation</strong> (e.g.a problem, event or difficult situation), there can follow: <strong>Thoughts + Emotions + Physical feelings + Action.</strong> </span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><em></em></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Each of these areas can affect the others.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><em>The key point is How you think about a problem... </em>it can affect how you feel physically and emotionally. It can also alter what you do about it. </span></span><br />
<br />
<strong><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">AN EXAMPLE</span></strong><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Situation:</b> After a bad day in office, feeling tired, you drag yourself for shopping and while coming back, your neighbour walks by you, apparently, ignores you.</span></span><br />
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">REACTION 1: Unhelpful</span></b><br />
<ul><li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Thoughts:</b> He/she ignored me – it means they don't like me </span></span></div></li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Emotional Feelings:</b> Low, sad and rejected</span></span></div></li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Physical:</b> Stomach cramps, low energy, feel sick </span></span></div></li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Action:</b> $##@*@#$, Go home and avoid them </span></span></div></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>REACTION 2: Helpful</b> </span></span></div><ul><li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Thoughts </b>He/she looks a bit wrapped up in themselves - I wonder if there's something wrong?</span></span></div></li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Emotional Feelings: </b>Concerned for the other person </span></span></div></li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Physical:</b> None - feel comfortable </span></span></div></li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><b>Action:</b> Get in touch to make sure they're OK </span></span></div></li>
</ul><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">There are helpful and unhelpful ways of reacting to most situations, depending on how you think about them.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">When we are distressed, we are more likely to <em>jump to conclusions</em> and to <em>interpret things in extreme</em> and unhelpful ways.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">CBT can help you to <em>break this vicious circle of altered thinking, feelings and behaviour</em>. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">When you see the parts of the sequence clearly, you can change them - and so change the way you feel. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">CBT aims to get you to a point where you can "do it yourself", and work out your own ways of tackling these problems. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>DIFFICULTIES WITH CBT</strong> </span></span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">CBT is not a quick fix. It takes time and effort both from the patient and the therapist.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">The therapist advises and encourages - but cannot 'do' it for the patient. If someone is feeling low, it can be difficult to concentrate and get motivated.</span><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">To overcome anxiety, it has to be confronted. This may lead you to feel more anxious for a short time.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TNUlIrXQZ8I/AAAAAAAAAww/ruRSunSx7xs/s1600/4877700.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong><img border="0" height="289" px="true" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TNUlIrXQZ8I/AAAAAAAAAww/ruRSunSx7xs/s320/4877700.jpg" width="320" /></strong></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span class="body1"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Smile, it's free therapy</strong></span></span></span></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-68114952544762983282010-08-31T22:17:00.005+05:302011-06-08T08:25:20.185+05:30Anxiety: Normal to Disorder<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TH1QvhjEHrI/AAAAAAAAAwA/wz-oXTqzatQ/s1600/photo_11508_20100114.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" ox="true" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TH1QvhjEHrI/AAAAAAAAAwA/wz-oXTqzatQ/s320/photo_11508_20100114.jpg" /></a></div><span style="color: red;"><strong>What is anxiety?</strong></span> <br />
<ul><li>It’s a vague unpleasant emotion that is experienced in anticipation of some future misfortune</li>
<li>A state of apprehension, uncertainty or fear, resulting from the anticipation of a realistic or imaginary threatening event or situation</li>
<li>May have emotional, behavioural, cognitive and physical components </li>
</ul>Anxiety is commonly experienced by virtually all living beings including humans. It is an alerting signal and warns of threat, both internal and external, and is the first line of defense. <br />
When the body prepares to deal with a threat: blood pressure and heart rate are increased, sweating is increased, blood flow to the muscles is increased, and other functions are inhibited (the fight or flight response) causing what we call the manifestations of anxiety.<br />
It prepares us for the situations, and its consequences. It is beneficial to an individual and is NORMAL.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><strong>Anxiety and Performance</strong></span><br />
An increase in the anxiety to some extent helps a person grow and improve his performance.<br />
In very low level of anxiety, performance is very low, as the anxiety increases the performance increases. A phase comes when performance is at its peak any increase in anxiety does not increase performance. At this stage any anxiety leads to discomfort. Now the anxiety symptoms will appear and any increase will reduce the performance and may lead to deterioration.<br />
The complete absence of anxiety is as pathological as excessive anxiety.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><strong>Anxiety Disorders</strong></span> <br />
<span style="color: red;"> </span>When anxiety becomes excessive, and being detrimental rather than adaptive, then it fall's under the classification of an anxiety disorder. There are several specific forms of the disorder as per the current classificatory systems. Some of these are: <strong>Agoraphobia, Social phobias, Specific (isolated) phobias, Panic disorder, Generalized anxiety disorder, Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder, Anxiety disorder- unspecified.</strong><br />
<div></div><br />
<div>Anxiety can also be a symptom of any other underlying medical condition such as mitral valve prolapse, hypoglycemia, pheochomcytoma, hyperthyroidism, hyper parathyroid, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure; or as a part of drug abuse and withdrawls.</div><br />
<span style="color: red;"><strong>Identify the Anxiety Symptoms</strong></span> <br />
<span style="color: red;"> </span><u>1- Physiological</u><br />
<div></div><ul><li>Palpitations or thumping of heart.</li>
<li>Tremors</li>
<li>Tightness of chest and choking sensation</li>
<li>Difficulty in breathing</li>
<li>Hyperventilation</li>
<li>Sweating</li>
<li>Dizziness</li>
<li>Tingling</li>
<li>Urinary frequency</li>
<li>Increased motility of GI tract</li>
<li>Restlessness</li>
<li>Insomnia</li>
<li>Pupillary dilatation</li>
<li>Light headedness</li>
</ul><u>2-Psychological</u> <br />
<ul><li>Diffuse,vague, unpleasant sense of apprehension, fearfulness,</li>
<li>Nervousness, irritability</li>
<li>Inability to relax, </li>
<li>Poor concentration</li>
<li>Inability to think clearly</li>
<li>Derealisation, depersonalization</li>
<li>Feeling of impending doom / disaster, the perception of danger is very real, as if he or she is about to die or pass out.</li>
</ul><blockquote><span style="color: black;">“There are more things to alarm us than to harm us, and we suffer more often in apprehension than reality.”</span></blockquote></div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-73322896075408768512010-06-13T09:18:00.002+05:302011-06-08T08:11:55.847+05:30International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking (26 June, 2010)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Health is the theme of this year's world drug campaign, to be launched on International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking (26 June, 2010). <br />
<br />
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is leading the international campaign to raise awareness about the major challenge that illicit drugs represent to society as a whole, and especially to the young.<br />
<br />
The goal of the campaign "<span style="color: red;">Think health - not drugs</span>" is to mobilize support and to inspire people to act against drug abuse. The campaign encourages young people to put their health first and not to take drugs.<br />
<br />
Drugs have the power both to improve and to damage health, depending on the type of drugs used, the quantity consumed and the purpose for which they are taken. For example, while morphine can relieve pain, heroin can be highly addictive. Such examples illustrate the need to control drugs.<br />
<br />
Drugs under international control include amphetamine-type stimulants, cannabis, coca/cocaine, hallucinogens, opiates and hypnotic sedatives, all of which have immediate physical effects. While some of the physical effects might sound pleasant, they do not last long. Drugs can also severely hinder psychological and emotional development, particularly in young people. In addition, some users risk addiction.<br />
<br />
Drug use is preventable. UNODC has developed prevention activities that provide the public, particularly young people, with the information, skills and opportunities they need to make healthy choices, including the choice to avoid using harmful drugs.<br />
<br />
The world drug campaign calls on young people, who are twice as likely as adults to take drugs, to protect their health.<br />
<br />
Parents, teachers and other interested individuals can also join the campaign. There are a number of ways to get involved, including providing information, by spreading the word about the campaign and organizing outreach or institutional events to mark International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking on 26 June.<br />
<br />
<em>We can all play a role in promoting health in our communities.</em><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;"><strong><span style="color: red; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;">Signs of drug use</span></strong></div>Although there are certain emotional and physical symptoms of substance use, do not immediately assume that the person is on drugs. There could be other reasons why he or she behaves unusually.<br />
<br />
<em><span style="color: red;">Emotional and social signs</span></em><br />
• Moodiness, excitement, anger, hostility, depression<br />
• Constant lying and stealing<br />
• Refusing to admit to the harmful effects of drugs<br />
• Avoiding old friends or people who could confront them about behaviour changes<br />
• Being secretive about phone calls<br />
• Having friends they do not want you to meet or talk about<br />
• Being evasive about their whereabouts<br />
• Loss of motivation<br />
• No interest in everyday life<br />
• Playing truant from school<br />
<br />
<em><span style="color: red;">Physical signs</span></em><br />
• Drowsiness<br />
• Trembling<br />
• Red eyes, dilated pupils<br />
• Lack of interest in personal hygiene and appearance<br />
• Slurred speech<br />
• Loss of, or increase in appetite<br />
• Uncoordinated movements<br />
• Circles under the eyes<br />
• Irregular sleeping habits<br />
• Frequent colds and coughs<br />
• Weight loss<br />
<br />
(source: www.unodc.org)</div>Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8147564385814139594.post-21131124814685277432010-06-09T12:37:00.005+05:302010-06-09T14:08:16.145+05:30The Human Clock: CHRONOBIOLOGYIt seems natural but why in a 24 hours day do we sleep at night and work in day, and why does ‘shit happens’ mostly in the mornings? Our biological routines are mostly time bound…and that too round the clock. <br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock">A clock can be defined as an instrument used to indicate, keep, and co-ordinate time.</a> Clocks have advanced from being the sun dials of ancient times to the ultra modern atomic clocks.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TA8581RIuWI/AAAAAAAAAvQ/DVNbEf-U1sc/s1600/photo_3669_20090119.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; height: 299px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; width: 236px;"><img border="0" height="320" qu="true" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_xYYaNDeqq2k/TA8581RIuWI/AAAAAAAAAvQ/DVNbEf-U1sc/s320/photo_3669_20090119.jpg" width="213" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
<blockquote>But there is another clock, besides the one hanging on the wall… <em>inside our body</em>. It is fitted in our brain. It determines the rhythmicity of our biological routines like being alert in day, sleepy at night. And the study of “biological time” or biological rhythmicity is called <strong><span style="color: red;">Chronobiology.</span></strong></blockquote></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
Among biological rhythms, circadian (in Latin: circa= about; dies= day) rhythms are the most extensively studied. The activity–rest (i.e. wake-sleep) cycle is the most apparent of all circadian rhythms.</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">There are various less overt phenomena going on inside our body which depend on this clock, such as many hormones are released in a pulasatile manner, heart attacks are more common in early mornings, the blood pressure varies at different times of day- being maximum in evenings, the normal body temperature is maximum in the evenings and lowest in early morning before dawn. The fever of tuberculosis also has an evening rise; the alertness in daytime also varies in between the day, being most alert in the forenoon. Although there can be exceptions… these processes are more or less time bound. </div><br />
This human ‘clock’ resides in an area of brain- the anterior hypothalamus and is called <strong>suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)</strong> by the scholars. And it does not agree with the wall clock. <br />
<br />
The mean circadian period generated by the human clock (or SCN) is approximately <strong>24.18 hours</strong>. The wall clock completes an astronomical day/cycle in 24 hrs. So the human watch ticks 10 minutes and 48 seconds too slowly per day. Therefore, a circadian/human clock must be reset on a regular basis to be effective at maintaining the proper phase relationships of behavioral and physiological processes within the context of the 24-hour day. If not done, an individual will gradually come out of synchrony with the astronomical day. In slightly more than 3 months, a normally diurnal human would be in opposite phase to the day–night cycle and thus would become transiently nocturnal i.e. wakeful at night and sleeping in day.<br />
Best wishes for <em>your</em> Time Check.Dr Mohd Aleem Siddiquihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08238118146972784465noreply@blogger.com5